# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """下载主类:落盘、元数据写入与 ZIP 打包。 (自 music_downloader.py 拆出,行为与原实现一致。) """ from __future__ import annotations import os import re import threading import time from pathlib import Path from core import sync_http as requests # 同步门面(底层 aiohttp,替代 requests) from core.async_bridge import run_sync from music_api import APIException, NeteaseAPI, load_cookies from ._aria2 import Aria2Backend, get_backend from ._concurrency import ( CountingSemaphore, get_file_lock, ) from ._http import ( DL_CHUNK_SIZE, _sniff_audio_header, get_http_session, ) from ._log import ( logger, ) from .cover import ( fetch_cover_bytes, ) from .models import ( API_TYPE_TO_EXT, DownloadCanceled, DownloadException, DownloadResult, MusicInfo, _RetryFromScratch, ) from .tagging import build_tags, write_tags # 单文件下载体积硬上限:超限即弃,防止单文件拖垮磁盘 _MAX_DOWNLOAD_BYTES = 500 * 1024 * 1024 # ============ 核心实现 ============ class MusicDownloader: """网易云音乐下载器 用法: downloader = MusicDownloader(download_dir="downloads") result = downloader.download_music_file(music_id, quality="lossless") """ def __init__( self, download_dir: str = "downloads", max_concurrent: int = 3, global_max_concurrent: int = 10, ): """ Args: download_dir: 下载目录 max_concurrent: 单个批量任务内的最大并发下载数 global_max_concurrent: 整个服务同时下载的文件数(含标签写入)。 所有请求共享该信号量,防止大量用户同时下载导致内存/CPU 耗尽。 """ self.download_dir = Path(download_dir) self.download_dir.mkdir(exist_ok=True) self.max_concurrent = max_concurrent self.api = NeteaseAPI() # 全局并发信号量:所有请求共用,限制同时进行的下载数 # (带计数,供前端实时展示排队情况) self._download_semaphore = CountingSemaphore(global_max_concurrent) # 标签写入专用信号量:写标签会重写整个文件(IO 密集), # 与下载分离限流 —— 写满时只阻塞后来者,不占下载名额、不拖慢其它文件的传输 cpu_count = os.cpu_count() or 2 self._tag_semaphore = threading.BoundedSemaphore(max(1, min(4, cpu_count))) # ----------- 工具方法 ----------- def _sanitize_filename(self, filename: str, max_bytes: int = 180) -> str: """清理文件名非法字符。 换行/回车/制表等控制字符一律剔除(否则 send_file 头部 500); 按 UTF-8 字节截断(Linux 文件系统 255 字节上限,中文按字符截 200 会超), 且从 _build_file_path 传入时保证尾部 [ID 音质] 标记不被截掉。""" filename = re.sub(r'[\x00-\x1f\x7f]', '', filename) filename = re.sub(r'[<>:"/\\|?*]', '_', filename) filename = filename.strip(' .') # 按字节截断(在字符边界上回退,不产生半个字符) raw = filename.encode('utf-8') if len(raw) > max_bytes: cut = filename.encode('utf-8')[:max_bytes] # 回退到合法 UTF-8 边界 while cut and (cut[-1] & 0xC0) == 0x80: cut = cut[:-1] filename = cut.decode('utf-8', errors='ignore').rstrip(' .') return filename or "unknown" def _determine_file_extension( self, url: str, content_type: str = "", api_type: str = "", ) -> str: """确定文件扩展名 优先级: API 返回的 type > URL 后缀 > HTTP Content-Type > 默认 mp3 """ api_type = (api_type or "").lower() if api_type in API_TYPE_TO_EXT: return API_TYPE_TO_EXT[api_type] url_lower = url.lower() if ".flac" in url_lower: return ".flac" if ".mp3" in url_lower: return ".mp3" if ".m4a" in url_lower or ".mp4" in url_lower: return ".m4a" content_type = (content_type or "").lower() if "flac" in content_type: return ".flac" if "mpeg" in content_type or "mp3" in content_type: return ".mp3" if "mp4" in content_type or "m4a" in content_type: return ".m4a" return ".mp3" @staticmethod def _unlink_quiet(path: Path) -> None: """安静地删除文件,忽略不存在 / 权限错误""" try: path.unlink() except OSError: pass # ----------- 信息获取 ----------- def get_music_info(self, music_id: int, quality: str = "standard", cookies: dict[str, str] | None = None) -> MusicInfo: """获取音乐详细信息(同步,URL/详情/歌词 3 个接口并行请求,加快单曲/批量启动)""" try: cookies = cookies if cookies is not None else load_cookies() # 3 个接口并行请求,单曲下载/批量预取都能明显提速 # URL/详情拿到后立即取消未完成的歌词请求,已知失败不再被拖着等完 # 异步化:改用 asyncio.gather 并发(api 方法已异步),失败语义与旧线程池一致 import asyncio async def _gather_info(): url_t = self.api.get_song_url(music_id, quality, cookies) detail_t = self.api.get_song_detail(music_id) lyric_t = self.api.get_lyric(music_id, cookies) return await asyncio.gather(url_t, detail_t, lyric_t, return_exceptions=True) url_result, detail_result, lyric_result = run_sync(_gather_info()) if isinstance(url_result, BaseException): raise url_result if isinstance(detail_result, BaseException): raise detail_result if isinstance(lyric_result, BaseException): lyric_result = None # 歌词接口抖动不阻断解析/下载 if not url_result.get("data") or not url_result["data"]: raise DownloadException(f"无法获取音乐ID {music_id} 的播放链接") # 上游 data 数组元素可能为 null(同族) song_data = url_result["data"][0] or {} download_url = song_data.get("url", "") or "" if not download_url: raise DownloadException(f"音乐ID {music_id} 无可用的下载链接") if not detail_result.get("songs") or not detail_result["songs"]: raise DownloadException(f"无法获取音乐ID {music_id} 的详细信息") song_detail = detail_result["songs"][0] # 上游可选字段可能为 null(而非缺失),一律 (x or {}) / (x or []) 容错, # 可选展示信息异常不再让整首有效歌曲解析失败 lyric = ((lyric_result or {}).get("lrc") or {}).get("lyric", "") or "" tlyric = ((lyric_result or {}).get("tlyric") or {}).get("lyric", "") or "" artists = "/".join(filter(None, ((a or {}).get("name") for a in (song_detail.get("ar") or [])))) al = song_detail.get("al") or {} publish_time = al.get("publishTime", 0) or 0 publish_year = None if publish_time: import datetime try: publish_year = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(publish_time / 1000).year except (OSError, ValueError, OverflowError): publish_year = None return MusicInfo( id=music_id, name=song_detail.get("name") or "未知歌曲", artists=artists or "未知艺术家", album=al.get("name") or "未知专辑", pic_url=al.get("picUrl") or "", duration=(song_detail.get("dt") or 0) // 1000, track_number=song_detail.get("no", 0) or 0, download_url=download_url, file_type=(song_data.get("type") or "mp3").lower(), # null 容错 file_size=song_data.get("size", 0) or 0, quality=quality, lyric=lyric, tlyric=tlyric, publish_year=publish_year, ) except APIException as e: raise DownloadException(f"API调用失败: {e}") from e except Exception as e: raise DownloadException(f"获取音乐信息时发生错误: {e}") from e # ----------- 文件路径 ----------- def _build_file_path(self, music_info: MusicInfo) -> Path: """根据 MusicInfo 生成下载文件路径 文件名附带歌曲 ID 与请求音质:不同歌曲同名(不同版本/重复收录)落盘互不冲突; 同一首歌不同音质也各自独立,避免低音质文件被当作高音质交付(调包)。 交付文件名由调用方另行决定,不受影响。 先截断主名(按字节),再拼接 [ID 音质] 标记——标记永不丢失, 杜绝截断后两首不同 ID 的歌落到同一路径。 """ base = f"{music_info.artists} - {music_info.name}" tag = f" [{music_info.id} {music_info.quality}]" ext = self._determine_file_extension( music_info.download_url, api_type=music_info.file_type, ) # 按完整路径反算文件名可用长度——旧口径只按 Linux 255 字节 # 截断文件名,未启用 LongPathsEnabled 的 Windows 上超长歌名会在 open 时 # OSError 白白重试 3 轮。预算 = 240 - 目录前缀 - 扩展名 - ".part"等余量; # 中文名 UTF-8 字节数 ≥ 字符数,按字节截断天然保守。 # 目录过深时按比例压缩 tag 预算。注意下限保底仍可能超过 260 字节, # 该病理场景需由部署侧控制 downloads 目录深度来规避。 budget = 240 - len(str(self.download_dir)) - len(ext) - 8 if budget < 124: tag_budget = max(24, budget // 3) else: tag_budget = 60 safe_base = self._sanitize_filename(base, max_bytes=max(32, budget - tag_budget)) safe_tag = self._sanitize_filename(tag, max_bytes=tag_budget) return self.download_dir / f"{safe_base}{safe_tag}{ext}" # ----------- 下载(同步) ----------- def download_music_file( self, music_id: int, quality: str = "standard", write_meta: bool = True, meta_fields: list[str] | None = None, cookies: dict[str, str] | None = None, retries: int = 2, cancel_event: threading.Event | None = None, music_info: MusicInfo | None = None, progress_cb=None, ) -> DownloadResult: """同步下载音乐到本地 Args: music_id: 音乐ID quality: 音质 write_meta: 是否写入元数据 meta_fields: 写入字段列表,None 表示全部 cookies: 用于获取直链/歌词的 Cookie,None 表示全局账号 retries: 网络/写入失败时的重试次数(默认 2 次) cancel_event: 取消事件,置位后立即中止下载(抛 DownloadCanceled) music_info: 已预取的歌曲信息(跳过重复 API 调用,用于批量加速) progress_cb: 可选进度回调 progress_cb(written_bytes, total_bytes)。 每写一个分块调用一次(含续传起点);回调内部的异常会被吞掉, 绝不影响下载主流程。调用方自行限频。 说明: - 流式下载到 .part 临时文件,完整下载后再原子改名,半截文件不会被当作已下载 - 断点续传:失败保留 .part,重试/下次下载从已写字节续传(服务器支持 Range 时) - per-file 锁:同名歌曲并发下载互斥,防止 .part 被交叉写入损坏 - 连接复用:线程级 Session + keep-alive,避免每首歌重建 TCP/TLS 连接 - 网络传输与 ffmpeg 元数据写入分离限流,互不抢占对方资源 """ if music_info is None: music_info = self.get_music_info(music_id, quality, cookies) file_path = self._build_file_path(music_info) part_path0 = file_path.with_name(file_path.name + ".part") last_error = "" next_wait = 0.0 for attempt in range(retries + 1): # 重试退避睡眠在文件锁外执行——同名并发任务不再陪睡 if next_wait > 0: time.sleep(next_wait) next_wait = 0.0 # 重试轮次顶部的取消检查也要清理 .part(原实现在 try 外抛出会绕过清理) if cancel_event is not None and cancel_event.is_set(): self._unlink_quiet(part_path0) raise DownloadCanceled("下载已取消") # part_path 是 file_path 的 .part 别名。必须在进入下载 try 之前绑定: # except 分支(取消/网络错误)要清理 .part,若此处未赋值,异常处理器 # 会以 NameError 二次崩溃、掩盖原始异常 part_path = part_path0 # 同一目标文件的下载者串行化(不同文件之间仍然并行) with get_file_lock(file_path): try: # 其它线程可能刚好完成此文件,锁内复查 if file_path.exists(): # 缓存与本次期望不符(跨账号音质降级/上游变更都会让同 ID 同音质 # 的实际文件不同):视为缓存 miss 删除重下,而不是把旧文件 # 当本次结果交付(原实现命中即返回、从不校验尺寸)。 # 期望未知(file_size=0)时至少拒绝 0 字节坏文件 st_size = file_path.stat().st_size cache_bad = ((music_info.file_size and st_size != music_info.file_size) or (not music_info.file_size and st_size == 0)) if cache_bad: self._unlink_quiet(file_path) else: # 缓存命中也尊重本次的元数据请求(重跑一次 ffmpeg,幂等) if write_meta: with self._tag_semaphore: self._write_metadata(file_path, music_info, meta_fields) return DownloadResult( success=True, file_path=str(file_path), file_size=file_path.stat().st_size, music_info=music_info, ) # part_path 已在文件锁外绑定为 part_path0(同一路径),此处不再重复计算 resume_from = 0 if part_path.exists(): existing = part_path.stat().st_size if music_info.file_size > 0 and existing == music_info.file_size: # 上次已下完但未改名:直接转正(转正后立即返回, # 不再发起网络请求——原实现离线时会把现成完整文件报为失败) # 改 >= 为 ==——超尺寸残片(上游多发货/坏分片)转正即交付坏文件 os.replace(part_path, file_path) if write_meta: with self._tag_semaphore: self._write_metadata(file_path, music_info, meta_fields) return DownloadResult( success=True, file_path=str(file_path), file_size=file_path.stat().st_size, music_info=music_info, ) elif existing > 0: if music_info.file_size > 0 and existing > music_info.file_size: # 超尺寸残片没有续传价值(上游多发货/坏分片), # 丢弃从头下——否则下轮被 >= 误转正交付坏文件 self._unlink_quiet(part_path) else: resume_from = existing # 断点续传起点 else: self._unlink_quiet(part_path) # 排队改用可取消等待(的 acquire_cancellable)—— # 原阻塞式 with 使取消后仍要等全局 10 名额腾出,任务卡死、退款延迟 if not self._download_semaphore.acquire_cancellable(cancel_event, poll=0.5): raise DownloadCanceled("下载已取消") try: aria2_backend = get_backend() if aria2_backend is not None: # aria2c 通道:多连接 + 原生断点续传 self._fetch_via_aria2(aria2_backend, music_info, part_path, cancel_event, progress_cb) else: # 内置通道:aiohttp 流式落盘 + Range 起点校验 self._fetch_via_http(music_info, part_path, resume_from, cancel_event, progress_cb) finally: # 与 acquire_cancellable 配对释放(原 with 语义) self._download_semaphore.release() # 完整性校验(已知期望大小时必须精确相等;未知期望时至少非空) actual_size = part_path.stat().st_size if music_info.file_size > 0: complete = (actual_size == music_info.file_size) else: complete = (actual_size > 0) if not complete: # 保留 .part 以便断点续传;下次续传从现有字节继续 last_error = ( f"下载不完整: 期望 {music_info.file_size or '未知'} 字节, " f"实际 {actual_size} 字节" ) if attempt < retries: next_wait = 0.5 * (attempt + 1) # 锁外睡眠 continue # 转正前内容嗅探——未知期望尺寸("非空即通过"口径) # 时 CDN 错误页/风控 JSON 曾可被存成音频交付 if music_info.file_size <= 0 and not _sniff_audio_header(part_path): self._unlink_quiet(part_path) raise DownloadException("下载内容校验失败(非音频数据)") os.replace(part_path, file_path) # 元数据写入移出下载信号量(CPU 操作不占网络名额), # 但仍在文件锁内执行,保证其它请求看到的是已完成标记的最终文件 if write_meta: # 元数据段入口补取消检查点——已取消的任务不再 # 进入信号量排队/ffmpeg 等待(有界但可达 120s),收尾不再延迟 if cancel_event is not None and cancel_event.is_set(): raise DownloadCanceled("下载已取消") with self._tag_semaphore: self._write_metadata(file_path, music_info, meta_fields) return DownloadResult( success=True, file_path=str(file_path), file_size=file_path.stat().st_size, music_info=music_info, ) except DownloadCanceled: # 用户明确放弃:清理半截临时文件 self._unlink_quiet(part_path) raise except DownloadException: # 确定性失败(如体积超上限)不重试——原落泛型 # handler 会删残片后从 0 重拉,3 轮白拉 ~1.5GB raise except _RetryFromScratch: # .part 已清理,直接进入下一轮从头下载 last_error = "续传起点失效,重新下载" if attempt < retries: next_wait = 0.5 * (attempt + 1) # 锁外睡眠 continue except (requests.RequestException, OSError) as e: # 网络错误:保留 .part 支持断点续传; # 但若任务已被取消,.part 没有任何续传价值,一并清理 if cancel_event is not None and cancel_event.is_set(): self._unlink_quiet(part_path) raise DownloadCanceled("下载已取消") from e last_error = f"下载请求失败: {e}" if attempt < retries: next_wait = 0.5 * (attempt + 1) # 锁外睡眠 continue except Exception as e: last_error = f"下载过程中发生错误: {e}" if attempt < retries: next_wait = 0.5 * (attempt + 1) # 锁外睡眠 continue # 最后一次尝试仍失败:若任务已取消按取消收尾 if cancel_event is not None and cancel_event.is_set(): self._unlink_quiet(part_path0) raise DownloadCanceled("下载已取消") return DownloadResult(success=False, error_message=last_error or "下载失败") # ----------- 传输通道(二选一,产物都是 part_path) ----------- def _fetch_via_http( self, music_info: MusicInfo, part_path: Path, resume_from: int, cancel_event: threading.Event | None, progress_cb, ) -> None: """内置流式通道:core.sync_http 逐块落盘,支持 Range 断点续传。 Raises: DownloadCanceled: 取消事件置位 DownloadException: 体积超限、CDN 4xx 等确定性失败 _RetryFromScratch: 续传起点失效(残片已清,外层从头重下) """ headers = {} mode = "wb" if resume_from > 0: headers["Range"] = f"bytes={resume_from}-" mode = "ab" if progress_cb is not None: try: progress_cb(resume_from, music_info.file_size or 0) except Exception: pass # 进度回调绝不影响下载主流程 resp: requests.SyncResponse | None = None try: resp = get_http_session().get( music_info.download_url, stream=True, timeout=(10, 60), headers=headers, ) # 服务器忽略 Range 返回 200 → 从头重写而非追加 if resume_from > 0 and resp.status_code != 206: mode = "wb" # 206 必须从我们请求的起点开始;起点错位的分片拼起来是坏文件 if resume_from > 0 and resp.status_code == 206: cr = resp.headers.get('Content-Range') or '' m = re.match(r'bytes\s+(\d+)-', cr.strip()) if m and int(m.group(1)) != resume_from: self._unlink_quiet(part_path) raise _RetryFromScratch( f"Content-Range 起点错位({m.group(1)} != {resume_from}),已从头重新下载") # 206 却解析不出起点(头被中间层剥离)——盲追加可能拼坏文件, # 与起点错位同口径处理:清残片从头下 if not m: self._unlink_quiet(part_path) raise _RetryFromScratch("206 响应缺少可用 Content-Range,已从头重新下载") resp.raise_for_status() # 下载体积硬上限(配置 500MB),超限即弃,防单文件拖垮磁盘 max_bytes = _MAX_DOWNLOAD_BYTES written = resume_from if mode == 'ab' else 0 over_limit = False with open(part_path, mode) as f: for chunk in resp.iter_content(chunk_size=DL_CHUNK_SIZE): if cancel_event is not None and cancel_event.is_set(): raise DownloadCanceled("下载已取消") if chunk: f.write(chunk) written += len(chunk) if written > max_bytes: # 超限残片没有任何续传价值。 # Windows 无法删除打开中的文件——置标志 break, # with 关闭后再清理(原实现在打开中 unlink 被静默吞掉) over_limit = True break if progress_cb is not None: try: progress_cb(written, music_info.file_size or 0) except Exception: pass # 进度回调绝不影响下载主流程 if over_limit: self._unlink_quiet(part_path) # 文件已关闭,清理可达 raise DownloadException( f"文件超过大小上限 {max_bytes // (1024*1024)}MB,已中止") except requests.HTTPError as e: # Range 起点无效(如 CDN 环节变化):清除旧 part,从头重新下载 status = getattr(getattr(e, "response", None), "status_code", None) if status == 416: self._unlink_quiet(part_path) raise _RetryFromScratch("Range 起点失效,已从头重新下载") from e if status is not None and 400 <= status < 500 and status != 408: # CDN 4xx(403 防盗链/429 风控等)是确定性 # 失败,对同一失效直链白重试只会加剧风控、拖慢失败返回 # (408 请求超时保留可重试) self._unlink_quiet(part_path) raise DownloadException( f"下载失败(HTTP {status}),下载链接可能已失效") from e raise finally: if resp is not None: resp.close() def _fetch_via_aria2( self, backend: Aria2Backend, music_info: MusicInfo, part_path: Path, cancel_event: threading.Event | None, progress_cb, ) -> None: """aria2c 通道:多连接加速 + 原生断点续传。 异常语义与内置通道对齐:取消抛 DownloadCanceled、体积超限抛 DownloadException(均清残片),网络类失败抛 RequestException (保留残片,由外层退避重试续传)。 """ backend.fetch( music_info.download_url, part_path, cancel_event=cancel_event, progress_cb=progress_cb, max_bytes=_MAX_DOWNLOAD_BYTES, ) # ============ 元数据写入(mutagen,纯 Python) ============ # download_music_to_memory / download_batch_async / get_download_progress # 三个方法已删除——全服务端与验证脚本零调用(CLI 遗留),且 to_memory 不接受 # cookies 参数、真被启用会有行为差异;如需内存下载/异步批量再按当前接口重写 def _write_metadata( self, file_path: Path, music_info: MusicInfo, fields: list[str] | None = None, ) -> bool: """写入音频标签与封面(mutagen);失败不影响交付,返回是否成功。 Args: file_path: 已转正的音频文件 music_info: 歌曲信息(标题/歌手/专辑/年份/曲号/歌词/封面地址) fields: 要写入的字段列表,None 表示全部写入 封面走共享缓存(与 ZIP 打包共用一次网络请求);各容器的落盘细节见 tagging.py——按扩展名分派到 ID3v2.3 / Vorbis comment / iTunes ilst。 """ include_cover = fields is None or "cover" in fields cover: bytes | None = None if include_cover and music_info.pic_url: cover = fetch_cover_bytes(music_info.pic_url) if not cover: logger.warning("封面下载失败,跳过封面写入") return write_tags(file_path, build_tags(music_info, fields), cover)